Heel spur, also known as plantar fasciitis, is a condition characterized by pain and inflammation at the bottom of the heel. It is typically manifested by pain in the heel, especially during the first steps in the morning or after a long rest. It arises as a result of overloading the plantar fascia, which runs from the heel to the toes.

Symptoms most often include pain when getting out of bed or after sitting for long periods of time. The most pronounced pains appear in the morning. Therapy should include a multidisciplinary approach. Starting from the relief of pain and inflammation, then continuing with light exercises to strengthen the leg muscles, manual therapy and physical therapy.

The most widely used form of physical therapy is shock wave therapy, which effectively reduces the size of the calcification. Prevention of repeated occurrence of heel spur is important. Prevention includes changing movement stereotypes, proper walking and running techniques and strength training. If it is a severe condition that does not improve with conservative methods, surgery may be considered to relieve tension in the plantar fascia. All the mentioned methods should be applied with caution due to possible side effects and their effectiveness is individual.

Adhesive capsulitis, often called "frozen shoulder," is a condition characterized by pain and limited range of motion in the shoulder. This condition can be caused by inflammation and subsequent contraction of the ligamentous tissue of the shoulder joint. Therapy of adhesive capsulitis includes physiotherapy with an emphasis on increasing the range of motion, strengthening the rotator cuff muscles and, last but not least, physical therapy.

Shock wave is considered the most effective physical therapy option for adhesive capsulitis. This method uses high-frequency waves to loosen adhesions in the tissues of the shoulder joint, which can help improve mobility and relieve pain. Shockwave is often combined with physical therapy and other therapeutic methods to achieve the most optimal results.

It is important to consult with a doctor or physiotherapist, where, based on the diagnosis, it will be determined whether the shock wave is a suitable choice for a specific case of adhesive capsulitis.

Arthritis, or also known as osteoarthritis, is a degenerative joint disease that affects the articular cartilages and leads to their wear and, ultimately, to their complete loss. This condition is often accompanied by pain in the affected joint, swelling, limited mobility in the affected joint and inflammatory processes. Physiotherapy is an important part of the treatment of arthrosis. It helps to improve the function, mobility of the joint and relieve pain. Therapy includes exercises to strengthen the muscles around the affected joint and manual therapy to reduce pain.

Non-invasive joint fillers are used as adjunctive therapy. The TriJalux filler is based on the principle of applying active substances to the joint using shock waves or laser therapy. It contains substances that help in the regeneration of joint cartilage, such as hyaluronic acid, which aims to improve the "lubrication" of the joint, ozone and vitamin C.

In addition to physiotherapy and non-invasive joint fillers, a fourth-generation high-power laser is used. The 4th generation laser emits concentrated light of specific wavelengths that penetrates deeper tissue layers. Its use relieves pain, relieves inflammation and promotes tissue healing in the affected joint. Laser therapy is effective not only in alleviating symptoms, but also in improving joint function and quality of life.

In both cases, it is important to consult a specialist about the specific condition and create an individual treatment plan that takes into account the individual needs and condition of each patient.

Radiculopathy of the lumbosacral spine is a condition in which there is oppression, compression or irritation of the nerve roots that originate in the lumbar spine. This pressure can be caused, for example, by a herniated disc, osteophytes (bone growths) or stenosis (narrowing) of the spinal canal.

Symptoms of radiculopathy usually include a sharp, stabbing pain that can range in intensity from mild to excruciating. This pain may worsen with certain movements or positions of the body.

Another symptom is subjective weakness in the muscles that are innervated by the affected nerve root. This can affect the ability to carry out normal daily activities. Numbness to tingling that occurs in the lower back, pelvis, thighs, legs and feet, depending on the affected nerve.

If treatment is not sufficient, radiculopathy can become a chronic painful condition, leading to long-term constant pain and limitation of movement. Long-term untreated radiculopathy also leads to loss of muscle mass. Muscle weakness caused by radiculopathy results in a loss of spinal stabilization ability and thereby increases the risk of further complications. The main component of physiotherapy is active exercise and movement. The therapist's task is to reveal faulty postural stereotypes and restore the muscles of the middle of the body to their original function with properly selected procedures.

Epicondylitis is a degenerative inflammatory disease associated with microtraumas in the area of the epicondyle of the ulna. Depending on the location, we know lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) or medial epicondylitis (golf elbow). Epicondylitis is manifested by pain and limited mobility in the elbow joint. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is characterized by pain on the outside of the elbow that worsens when pressing or lifting objects. Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow) is characterized by pain on the inside of the elbow. The pain may worsen with weight bearing or repetitive movement of the hand and may spread to the forearm and wrist.

Swelling in the affected area can also often occur.
Epicondylitis occurs in individuals who perform repetitive movements of the hand and forearm such as athletes (tennis players, golfers) or individuals who work with stereotypical manual activities.

Physiotherapy is aimed at reducing inflammation and pain, restoring elbow function and preventing recurrence. It includes exercises for strengthening and stretching the muscles of the forearm and hand, as well as re-education of the correct biomechanics of movement.

Neoddeliteľnou súčasťou terapie je aj využitie fyzikálnej terapie. Využívajú sa terapie rázovou vlnou, ultrazvukom alebo elektroterapia. Taping je taktiež účinná metóda v terapii epikondylitídy. Tape poskytuje podporu a zlepšuje stabilitu postihnutého segmentu, zmierňuje tlak a ťah, ktorý pôsobí na epikondily lakťovej kosti.

Distortion of the ankle joint is a traumatic injury associated with breaking one or more ligaments in the ankle joint. This condition can occur as a result of a sudden traumatic event, such as sports injuries, falls from a height. The ligaments that keep the ankle joint stable are overloaded or stretched beyond their normal capacity. The type of distortion often depends on the direction in which the ankle is affected. Most often we talk about inverse and eversion distortion.

Inversion distortion: In this case, the ankle bends inward, which can cause damage to the lateral collateral ligament and other external stabilizing structures.
Eversion distortion: On the contrary, it occurs when the ankle bends outward, which can be behind
resulting in damage to the medial collateral ligament and internal stabilizing structures.

Rehabilitation after ankle joint distortion includes several phases. The beginning of treatment is usually pain control and swelling reduction, often through physical therapy, compression or taping. Laser therapy can play an important role in the treatment of damaged ligaments in the ankle joint. When ligaments are damaged, these structures are disrupted, which can cause pain, inflammation and limitation of movement. Laser therapy, specifically a fourth-generation high-power laser, can help accelerate tissue healing and alleviate symptoms associated with ligament damage.

The carpal tunnel is a narrow channel in the wrist that is located between the carpal bones and a connective tissue called the retinaculum flexorum. This tunnel serves as a passageway for the nerves and tendons that allow the fingers and hand to move. One of the main nerves that passes through the carpal tunnel is n. medianus, which is responsible for sensitivity and movement in certain parts of the hand.

Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when this space is compressed or narrowed, resulting in pressure on the nerve. This pressure can be caused by inflammation, swelling of a tendon or ligament, as well as other factors such as injury or stereotypic hand movements. If the nerve compression is more severe, symptoms such as tingling, numbness, pain and weakness in the hand and fingers may appear.

Treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome focuses on relieving pressure on the nerve and relieving compression symptoms. As part of the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, shockwave therapy can help relieve pain and inflammation in the wrist and hand by promoting tissue healing and improving local blood circulation. It also helps to relax the muscles around the wrist and forearm, helping to reduce pressure on the medial nerve and relieve the symptoms of the syndrome.

Cervicocranial syndrome is the name for a set of symptoms that arise as a result of dysfunction in the cervical spine and surrounding structures. The main causes include repeated microtraumas, excessive loading, poor movement patterns, injuries, degenerative changes and even psychosocial factors such as stress. This syndrome can manifest itself in a wide range of symptoms, including pain in the neck, shoulders, head or face, which can be acute or chronic. Other accompanying symptoms may include migraines, dizziness, numbness or tingling in the hands, muscle weakness, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and increased sensitivity to touch or light.

The treatment of cervicocranial syndrome is individual and complex, aimed at reducing symptoms and preventing recurrence. Manual therapy includes mobilizations and exercises that help restore range of motion, stability in the cervical spine, and balance muscle imbalances in a given segment.

An important part of treatment is educating the patient about the prevention of recurrent painful conditions and promoting a healthy lifestyle, including exercise, healthy nutrition and stress management. Ergonomic counseling plays an important role in preventing recurrence and promoting proper posture in the work environment. A comprehensive approach and individual treatment plan are the key to successful therapy of cervicocranial syndrome.